| Canonical Name: | NGC 253 |
| TeVCat Name: | TeV J0047-253 |
| Other Names: | |
| Source Type: | Starburst |
| R.A.: | 00 47 32.54 (hh mm ss) |
| Dec.: | -25 17 25.4 (dd mm ss) |
| Gal Long: | 97.29 (deg) |
| Gal Lat: | -87.97 (deg) |
| Distance: | 2500 kpc |
| Flux: | 0.0021 (Crab Units) |
| Energy Threshold: | 220 GeV |
| Spectral Index: | |
| Extended: | No |
| Discovery Date: | 2009-07 |
| Discovered By: | H.E.S.S. |
| TeVCat SubCat: | Default Catalog |
Source Notes:
This source's detection was announced at the 2009 ICRC in Lodz.
The detection was published in
Science Express
and subsequently in
Science.
Source position and its uncertainty:
The source position in TeVCat was updated on 180614 to that from
H.E.S.S. Collaboration (2018).
From
H.E.S.S. Collaboration (2018):
- R.A. (J2000): 00 47 32.54 +/- 11.2s
- Dec. (J2000): -25 17 25.4 +/- 10.3''
From
Abramowski et al. (2012):
- R.A. (J2000): 00 47 34.3 +/- 1.4s (=21'')
- Dec. (J2000): -25 17 22.6 +/- 0.3' (=18'')
From
Acero et al. (2009):
- R.A. (J2000): 00 47 33.6 +/- 30s
- Dec. (J2000): -25 18 08 +/- 27''
Spectral Information:
From
H.E.S.S. Collaboration (2018):
- "The VHE gamma-ray energy spectrum is best fit by a power-law
distribution with a flux normalisation of
(1.34 +/- 0.14 stat +/- 0.27 sys) x 10-13 cm-2 s-1 TeV-1 at 1 TeV
about 40 % above, but compatible with the value obtained in
Abramowski et al. (2012). The spectral index:
2.39 +/- 0.14 stat +/- 0.25 sys
is slightly softer than but consistent with the previous measurement
within systematic errors."
From
Abramowski et al. (2012):
- Spectral index: 2.14 +/- 0.18 +/- 0.30
Flux:
From
Abramowski et al. (2012):
- (0.21 +/- 0.05)% of the Crab Nebula flux above 190 GeV
Source Extent:
From
H.E.S.S. Collaboration (2018):
- "With the PSF being understood better, a possible extension of the
gamma-ray source is constrained to <= 1.4' at the 3 sigma level
compared to the previous limit of <= 2.4'."
Seen by: H.E.S.S.
-
Misidentification of Short GRBs as Magnetars in Nearby Galaxies
Schösser, E.C. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2303.05922 (2023) [LINK]
-
UHECR Signatures and Sources
Fargion, Daniele et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2303.08922 (2023) [LINK]
-
X-ray Properties of NGC 253's Starburst-Driven Outflow
Lopez, Sebastian et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2209.09260 (2022) [LINK]
-
High-energy emission from a magnetar giant flare in the Sculptor galaxy
Fermi-LAT Collaboration, Nature Astronomy Letters Vol. 5 Issue 1 (2021) [LINK]
-
Rapid spectral variability of a giant flare from a magnetar in NGC 253
Roberts, O.J. et al., Nature 589 p207-210 (2021) [LINK]
-
A bright gamma-ray flare interpreted as a giant magnetar flare in NGC 253
Svinkin, D. et al., Nature 589 p211-213 (2021) [LINK]
-
The Lop-sided Spiral Galaxy NGC 247: Clues to a Possible Interaction with NGC 253
Davidge, T.J., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2101.07224 (2021) [LINK]
-
The Physics of Galactic Winds Driven by Cosmic Rays I: Diffusion
Quataert, Eliot et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2102.05696 (2021) [LINK]
-
Prospects of newly detecting nearby star-forming galaxies by the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Shimono, Naoya et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2103.08287 (2021) [LINK]
-
Particle acceleration and multi-messenger emission from starburst-driven galactic winds
Peretti, Enrico et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2104.10978 (2021) [LINK]
-
Discovery of a giant molecular loop in the central region of NGC 253
Konishi, R. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2106.01653 (2021) [LINK]
-
Gamma-Rays from Star Forming Activity Appear to Outshine Misaligned Active Galactic Nuclei
Blanco, Carlos and Linden, Tim, arXiv e-prints parXiv:2104.03315 (2021) [LINK]
-
Modeling of Cosmic-Ray Production and Transport and Estimation of Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Emissions in Starburst Galaxies
Ha, Ji-Hoon et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2008.06650 (2020) [LINK]
-
High-energy processes in starburst-driven winds
Muller, Ana Laura et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2006.12259 (2020) [LINK]
-
Cosmic rays from the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253: the effect of a low luminosity active galactic nucleus
Gutirrrez, Eduardo M. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2003.09410 (2020) [LINK]
-
The Gamma-ray Emission of Star-Forming Galaxies
Ajello, M. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2003.05493 (2020) [LINK]
-
Gamma Rays from Large-Scale Outflows in Starburst Galaxies
Romero, Gustavo E. and Muller, Ana Laura, arXiv e-prints parXiv:1912.07969 (2019) [LINK]
-
Cosmic ray transport in starburst galaxies
Krumholz, Mark R. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1911.09774 (2019) [LINK]
-
Evidence for UHECR origin in starburst galaxies
Anchordoqui, Luis A. and Soriano, Jorge F., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1905.13243 (2019) [LINK]
-
Spatially Resoved 12CO(2-1)/12CO(1-0) in the Starburst Galaxy NGC 253: Assessing Optical Depth to Constrain the Molecular Mass Outflow Rate
Zschaechner, L.K. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
-
Cosmic ray transport and radiative processes in nuclei of starburst galaxies
Peretti, E. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
-
The starburst galaxy NGC 253 revisited by H.E.S.S. and Fermi-LAT
H.E.S.S. Collaboration et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
-
Fornax A, Centaurus A and other radio galaxies as sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays
Matthews, J.H. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
-
Where are UHECR originated ?
D-Fargion, ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
-
Forming Super Star Clusters Power the Central Starburst in NGC 253
Leroy, A.K. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
-
High-energy gamma-ray and neutrino production in star-forming galaxies across cosmic time: Difficulties in explaining the IceCube data
Sudoh, T. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
-
Particle acceleration in the superwinds of starburst galaxies
Romero, G.E. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
-
Are Starburst Galaxies Proton Calorimeters?
Wang, X. and Fields, B.D., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
-
Starburst galaxies as seen by gamma-ray telescopes
Ohm, S., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
-
The Radio-Gamma Correlation In Starburst Galaxies
Eichmann, B. and Becker Tjus, J., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
-
Spatially Resolving a Starburst Galaxy at Hard X-ray Energies: NuSTAR, Chandra, AND VLBA Observations of NGC 253
Wik, D.R. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2014) [LINK]
-
Active Galactic Nuclei, Neutrinos, and Interacting Cosmic Rays in NGC 253 & NGC 1068
Yoast-Hull, T.M. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2013) [LINK]
-
Properties of nearby Starburst Galaxies Based on their Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission
Paglione, T.A.D. and Abrahams, R.D., ApJ 755 p106 (2012) [LINK]
-
GeV Observations of Star-forming Galaxies with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Ackermann, M. et al., ApJ 755 p164 (2012) [LINK]
-
Spectral Analysis and Interpretation of the Gamma-Ray Emission from the Starburst Galaxy NGC 253
Abramowski, A. et al., ApJ 757 p158 (2012) [LINK]
-
Ancient Pulsar Wind Nebulae in light of recent GeV and TeV observations
Tibolla, O. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
-
High-energy emission from star-forming galaxies
Persic, M. and Rephaeli, Y., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
-
High Energy Gamma-ray Absorption and Cascade Emission in Nearby Starburst Galaxies
Inoue, Y., ArXiv e-prints p (2010) [LINK]
-
On The GeV & TeV Detections of the Starburst Galaxies M82 & NGC 253
Lacki, B.C. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2010) [LINK]
-
Detection of Gamma-Ray Emission from the Starburst Galaxies M82 and NGC 253 with the Large Area Telescope on Fermi
Fermi LAT Collaboration and Abdo, A.A., ArXiv e-prints p (2009) [LINK]
-
Detection of Gamma Rays from a Starburst Galaxy
Acero, F. et al., Science 326 p1080- (2009) [LINK]
-
Model analysis of the very high energy detections of the starburst galaxies M82 and NGC 253
de Cea del Pozo, E. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2009) [LINK]
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