Back to Main Page
Observation Date (UT) Observation Lat

Canonical Name:Markarian 421
TeVCat Name:TeV J1104+382
Other Names:PG 1101+385
B3 1101+384
RBS 0939
RGB J1104+382
1ES 1101+384
1H 1104+382
H 1105+38
3FGL J1104.4+3812
2HWC J1104+381
1LHAASO J1104+3810
4HWC J1104+3810
Source Type:HBL
R.A.:11 04 19 (hh mm ss)
Dec.:+38 11 41 (dd mm ss)
Gal Long: 179.88 (deg)
Gal Lat: 65.01 (deg)
Distance: z=0.031
Flux:0.3 (Crab Units)
Energy Threshold:500 GeV
Spectral Index:2.2
Extended:No
Discovery Date:1992-08
Discovered By: Whipple
TeVCat SubCat:Default Catalog

Source Notes:

Source position and its uncertainty:
From Albert et al. (2007):
- R.A. (J2000): 11 04 19
- Dec. (J2000): +38 11 41
- syst. uncertainty: 2'
- this is consistent with the source position provided by NED

The flux from Markarian 421 is highly variable.
From Ahnen et al. (2016):
Commenting on observations taken with MAGIC between March 2007 and
June 2009:
- "The flux above 400 GeV spans from the minimum nightly value of
1.3 +/- 0.4 10e-11 cm-2 s-1 to the maximum flux, that is about 24
times higher, at 3.1 +/- 0.1 10e-10 cm-2 s-1"

Spectral Index:
The spectral index has been found to vary.
From Albert et al. (2007):
- 2.20 +/- 0.08
- the spectrum shows evidence for an exponential cutoff (independent of EBL absorption)

Information on the jet:
From Lister et al. (2019):
- "All three innermost jet features of this nearby BL Lac object show
inward motion."


Fourth HAWC Catalog (Alfaro et al., 2026):
A selection of information for each of the 85 sources in the Fourth HAWC Catalog is provided in TeVCat. For full details, see Alfaro et al., 2026.
All uncertainties are purely statistical and do not include the systematics.
The pivot energy is fixed at 2 TeV and is the value that minimizes the correlation between the flux normalization and spectral index for a Crab-like source at 0 deg zenith.
Name: 4HWC J1104+3810
R.A. (J2000): 166.150.004+0.004166.15^{+0.004}_{-0.004}
Dec. (J2000): 38.180.004+0.00438.18^{+0.004}_{-0.004}
Extension (radius): 0.090.005+0.0050.09^{+0.005}_{-0.005}
Flux normalisation, N0, at E0 (2TeV): 44.20.81+0.8344.2^{+0.83}_{-0.81}
Spectral Index: 2.950.02+0.02-2.95^{+0.02}_{-0.02}
Beta: 0.280.02+0.020.28^{+0.02}_{-0.02}
Test Statistic: 10782
TeVCat Association (distance): Markarian 421 (0.07)



Seen by: Whipple, HEGRA, CAT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, Milagro, Telescope Array, CANGAROO, TACTIC, ARGO-YBJ, HAGAR, FACT, VERITAS, HAWC, LHAASO, SST-1M, LST-1
Want a reference added? Send a bibtex entry to the TeVCat Team